Bake-oven



P. l. DEL ANEY. BAKE OVEN APPLICATION man mum, 1919.

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l- WITNESSES 5,3 k I v BY if 'A-TTORNEYS P. J. DELANEY.

BAKE OVEN APPLICATION FILED MAY l-5, I919.

Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- WITNESSES QDJ M UNITED STATES T NT me p PA L J.DELANEY, or NEWYORK, N. Y.

BAKE-OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 1, '1921 Applicationfiled May 15, 1919. Serial no. 297,262.

' speaking, gas or the like. The object of my mventionis to provide animproved construction in which heat radiation is reduced to a minimumand in which the heat emanating from the interior of the oven eachtimethe oven door is opened is prevented from reaching the room in whichthe oven is located. Other more specific objects will appear from thedescription hereinafter disclosed the features of novelty will bepointed Out in the appended claim.

In the accompanying drawings, which for illustrative and descriptivepurposes, show an example of: my invention, Figure 1 1s a perspectiveview; Fig. 2, is an elevation partly in section; Fig. 3 is a section onthe line 33 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal.

section on the line 4-401? Fig. 2, and F ig. '5

is an enlarged detail section. p

Ovens of the type in questlon comprise upright hollow wallslO filledwith a heat insulating material 11 such as asbestos or the like, andlined on the interior w 1th tiles 12 of a material capable of retainingand radiating heat for a maximum period, said tiles'12 being suitablyheld in place between angle irons 13/ The oven comprises further aheating apparatus 14 and a reel 15 rotatably mounted interiorly of theoven and carrying shelves 16 on which the materlal to be baked iscirculated in the presence of the baking heat. The reel 15 is rotated bymeans of suitable mechanism 17 which in the illustrated example iselectrically'driven by means of a motor 18. A door'19 ofiany convenientconstruction controls the access to the interior of the oven from thefront, and permits the material to be introduced into and removed fromsaid oven.

As so far described the oven comprises the usual construction in whichenough heat is radiated,tafter the oven has been in operation for atime, even though'the walls 10 are insulated, to renderlthe,surroundings uncomfortable and to raise. the temperature of. the room inwhich thefoveni's located, to an uncomfortable degree, .this' -beingparticularly true on day sfwhen'the atmospheric temperaturev 'high. Yrurthermgre; with such ovens each time the'door 19 opens a certainamount ofthe interior heat and hot gases are-permitted to escape intothe'room and thus add their effect to the. tempera? ture.-therein.

My invention overcomes these objection I able features bv practicallydoing "away withheat radiation and by preventing the interior heat orhot gases which escape from the oven, when the door 19 is open,

from reaching theroom in which the oven is located, in any noticeablequantities. I Thus 1n my improved construction-angle irons 20 or othersuitable supporting devices are located at proper intervals and at adis- .tance from the outer surfaces of the walls l0 and serve to supportor carry wire mesh fabric or the like 21 suitably secured thereto inupright position at a-distance from the wallsIlO. The fabric 21is''coveredwith plaster orother suitable binder 22in which tiles 23of anydesired material are'laid to 7 .form incasingwalls located at a distancefromthe outer surfaces of the wallslOand providingairspaces 24 which maybe connected' with the atmospherefby means of suitably locatedopenings25. It will be under stood that at therear of the oven, the":

air space 24, may, if desired, be formed by spacing the oven from a wallof the chamberin which said'oven is located, instead of building aseparate wall of tiles 23 I as shown. At the r upper portions thespaces: 7

2% communicate with a chamber'26 connected by means of'a conduit 27 witha flue 01' chimney, a suitable exhaust fan or the like 28 being locatedsomewhere in the connection; in the drawings the eX-hau'st'fan 28 hasbeen shown diagrammatically in the conduit 27 "forfthe purposes ofillustration and description. a

' The chamber-.26 terminates, in a hood 29 which extends outwardlybeyond the trout of the oven and above the door 19, the

and its connections with the conduit 27 and air spaces 24 being closed.The exhaust fan 28 may be driven electrically and controlled of suitableconstruction is located in the conduit 27. V

The chamber 26 is located above a hollow top member 32, constituting thetop or roof of the oven, and having no connectlon or communication withthe chamber 26. The top member 32 is provided with a plurality ofopenings 33, preferably of varying dimensions, which communicate withthe interior of the oven, the illustrated example showing eight" suchopenings 33, the larger being located in the vicinity of the corners ofsaid oven, while the smaller ones are located at intermediate positions,as shown in Flg. 4. The openings 33 are connected by means of conduits34 in the top member 32, with a pipe '35, which extends through thechamber 26 but'has no communication-therewlth and connects either withthe conduit'27 at a point beyond the fan 28, or with the flue or chimneypreviously mentloned, the connection in the latter case beingindependent of the conduit 27. The spaces in the hollow top member 31,between the conduits 34, are filled with a suitable insulating material31 such as asbestos or the like as shown 1n Fig. 3. V

The exhaust fan 28 may either be in continuous operation during use ofthe oven or it may be to the opening of the door 19 through the med iumof the switch 30. In either case a suction is created in the chamber 26whereby the heated air and other hot gases are caused to pass up underthe hood 29 into the chamber 26 and out through the conduit 27 into theflue or chimney each time the door 19 is opened. At the same time,if-the damper 31 is wholly or'partly open, the suc' tion action of theexhaust fan or the like 28 withdraws the air from the air spaces 24 intothe chamber. 26 from which it passes through the conduit 27 to said fiueor chimney, the 7 air which is removed from the spaces 24 being replacedby fresh air which enters through the openings 25, In this way theheated air and other hot gases which emanate from the oven, each timethe door 19 is opened, are removed quickly and before they have time toaffect the temperature of the air which surrounds the oven.Coincidentally therewith the air which is in the air spaces 24 and whichmay have absorbed a certain amount of heat from the walls 10 may bewithdrawn and replaced by fresh air. If the exhaust fan 28 is incontinuous operation, and the damper 31 is open, a circulation ismaintained in the air 'spaces24' which prevents any heat whichperiodically started just prior may be radiated from the walls 10 fromhaving any effect upon the air surrounding the oven. In other words, theincasing walls 23 do not in any case become heated so that radiation ofheat to the air in the room in which the oven is located is entirelyavoided; such radiation as may take place from the walls 10 into thespaces 24 is nullified by the periodical or continuous operation. of theexhaust fan 28. The suction in the air-spaces 24 may be controlled byactuating the damper 31, and may be entirely discontinued by closingsaid damper, in which case the air spaces 24 become dead air-spaces andthereby provide effective insulation against radiation of heat into thesaid room. The re'sultis that the oven, when in operation, has noapparent effect upon the surrounding temperature and may thus beutilized'as a window exhibit or in other visible locations whereotherwise it would be objectionable because of the effect of theradiated heat upon the/existing atmospheric temperature in the window orother location.

By providing the plurality ofopenings 33 in the roof of the oven and'connec'ting'them with the pipe 35 by means of the conduits 34, theescape of the heated air and other hot gases from the oven when closedand in operation, is even at all points thereof, which results inmaintaining an even and uniform temperature in all parts of the interiorof said oven, whereby the baking operation is of maximum efliciency andis finished in a minimum of time and at the same time produces moresatisfactory and uniform results than is otherwise the case. Therelatively larger dimensions of those openings which are farthestremoved from the pipe '35, insure an even escape of the heated gases atall points; The said heated air and other hot gases pass naturallythrough the openings 33 and conduits 34, and from thence through thepipe 35 to the aforesaid 110 fine or chimney, or to the conduit 27,"asthe case may be, It will be understood, if the pipe 35 is connected withthe conduit 27, that the connection is always at a point beyond the fan28,so that the suction pro- 115 duced thereby is not effective in thepipe 35,

or conduits 34.

My improved construction is efiicient in construction and operation, andmay be combined withexisting ovensin an eco- 12 nomic and simple manner;its use not only increases the efiiciency of the oven, but per-. mits itto be used forexhibition purposes without discomfort, where otherwisethe operation of the oven would be objection- 12 able and uncomfortable.

It will be understood thatrthe reel 15 and its shelves 16, are actuatedand utilized in the customary manner. I

Various changes in the specific form '1,370,008 v i i 3 shown anddescribed may be made within the scope of the claim without departingfrom the spirit of my invention.

' I claim:

In a bake oven of the kind described; a

hollow member forming the top of the oven and provided with a pluralityof openlngs located at predetermined points and communicating with theinterior of the oven, a plurality of conduits connected with 10 Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set 1 5 my hand.

PAUL J. DELANEY;

